Abstract Quantifying economic losses of civil infrastructures subjected to various hazards under a life-cycle context is of vital importance for risk assessment and management. In previous studies. the expected long-term loss has been widely applied as a standard decision criterion during the life-cycle analysis. However. https://www.kingarte.com/product-category/bone-saws-food-servicecommercial-kitchen-equipmentfood-preparation-equipmentcommercial-meat-processing-equipmentmeat/